SECTION IV
Time-35 minutes
26 Questions
Directions: The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense standards implausible, superfluous, or incompatible with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
1.The recent increases in health insurance premiums are unnecessary and excessive. While the inflation rate is and has been stable at 5 percent for the past five years, during the same period the average cost of health insurance has increased annually by 10 to 20 percent. Recent studies show that the population is healthier now than ever before, and thus indicate that the insurance comparuies' claims of higher health-care costs are unfounded and merely relect the quest for higher profits.
Which one of the following statements, if true undermunes the conclusion in the passage?
(A) The incidence of lung cancer among men who smoke has decreased in recent years.
(B) Improvements in health have occurred because of a dramatic increase in the use of expensive medical equipment, tests, and drugs.
(C) Increased health insurance premiums will force some people to drop their medical coverage, thus adversely affecting their future health.
(D) Health insurance currently covers fewer health problems than it did in the past
(E) Though there are fewer health insurance companies today, their earnings are higher than they have ever been.
2.In the open ocean, a shark will catch almost any small fish it decides to attack. The best chance a small fish has, once it is spotted by a hungry shark, it that the shark will promptly find something else to attack.Therefore, one of the benefits gained by small fish that swim in large groups known as schools is a reduced cnance of being attacked by a shark.
Which one of the following statements is an assumption on which the author's argument depends?
(A) Sharks live primarily on a diet of small fish
(B) Sharks do not eat an entire school of fish at one time.
(C) The sheer number of fish in a school prevents sharks from attacking
(D) Sharks are the main danger to small fish in the open ocean.
(E) Small fish are able to sense when they are being spotted by sharks.
Questions 3-4
Publicly owned resources will always be abused. Take the example of cattle grazing. Where the individual has free access to publiclv owned rangeland, he or she always has an incentive to graze more and more cattle regardless of the consequences, because the benefits are captured by the individual grazer while the costs of reduced range quality are borne by all taxpayers. Private landowners are less likely to abuse their own land, however, because they must pay the entire cost.英语作文
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