1. -ING分词除了具有动词的特点以外，它还有名词的特点，即可以加物主代词(如my，your，his等)和名词的属格(如Wang Qing‘s等)来表示其逻辑主语(这时-ING的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致)

43) I suggest on an excursion this Sunday.

[A] we are going [B] to go [C] us going [D] our going

44) on a clear day， far from the city crowds， the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.

[A] If walking [B] While walking [C] Walking [D] When one is walking

45) Marta [A] being chosen [B] as the most outstanding [C] student on her campus made her parents [D] very happy.

2. 还有一种-ING分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致的情况，这时直接可用“-ING分词的主语+-ING”来表示，这样的-ING分词短语可由介词引导。这种结构叫独立结构

46) A new technique ， the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.

[A] to have been worked out [B] having worked out

[C] working out [D] having been worked out

47) Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office， but our work ， we declined the offer.

[A] not being finished[B] not having finished[C] had not been finished[D] was not finished

3. 如果逻辑主语已和句子主语一致，那么其逻辑主语就可省略(在使用这种用法时要注意：-ING分词所表示的动作[ZZ(]一定[ZZ)]是主语所发出的，也就是说-ING分词的逻辑主语[ZZ(]一定[ZZ)]是主句的主语。试比较下列句子)

Getting into the room， I smelled a terrible smell.(getting 是 I 的动作)

Getting into the room， it give a terrible smell. (错误)

Walking through the forest， we found many strange animals. (walking 是 we 发出的)

Walking through the forest， a lot of animals are there. (错误)

Looking out of the window of our hotel room， we saw zigzag mountains. (Looking的使动者是we)

Looking out of the window of our hotel room， there were zigzag mountians.(错误)

48) Never attempting to be a literary stylist， in her novels.

[A] she considered the plot the most important element

[B] the most important element considered to be the plot

[C] considering the plot the most important element

[D] the plot was considered to be the most important element

49) with the new method， the material does not break up easily.

[A] To have treated [B] Having treated [C] Being treated [D] Having been treated

50) Attempting to reach his home before the storm， .

[A] the bicycle of John broke down[B] it happened that John‘s bike broke down

[C] the storm caught John[D] John had an accident on his bicycle

4. -ING分词的主语可以与做主语的名词或代词(即代词的主格)一致，放在-ING前边，与

-ING分词构成逻辑上的“主谓”关系。但是，-ING分词(还有-ED分词)短语作状语时，也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的“主语”。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，叫做独立结构。在很多情况下它都相当于各种形式的状语，表示一种伴随的动作或情况

51) Weather ， we‘ll go sightseeing.

[A] permitted[B] is permitted[C] permitting[D] is permitting

52) There are four factories in our institute， .liuxuepaper.com