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序言：近年来，纹身的人越来越多了，特别是青少年们纹身的也有增无减，到底青少年纹身有何利弊呢？本文提及很少，重点说了下纹身的历史及制作方式，请参考吧。

名词解释：Tattoo 纹身

It seems like everyone has a tattoo these days. What used to be the property of sailors【海军】, outlaws【剥夺了政治权利的人，换句话说是犯人】, and biker gangs【海盗】 is now a popular body decoration for

many people. And it's not just anchors【LiuxuePaper note:锚】, skulls[骷髅], and battleships【战舰】 anymore — from school emblems to Celtic designs to personalized symbols, people have found many ways to

express themselves with their tattoos. Maybe you've thought about getting one. But before you head down to the nearest tattoo shop and roll up your sleeve【卷起袖子】, there are a few things you need to know.

So What Exactly Is a Tattoo?

A tattoo is a puncture wound【原意刺伤作文地带建议翻译为刺青】, made deep in your skin, that's filled with ink. It's made by penetrating your skin with a needle and injecting ink【注射墨汁】 into the area,

usually creating some sort of design. What makes tattoos so long-lasting is they're so deep — the ink isn't injected into the epidermis【表皮】 (LiuxuePaper Note:the top layer of skin that you continue to produce and shed throughout your lifetime). Instead, the ink is injected into the dermis, which is the second, deeper layer of skin. Dermis cells are very stable, so the tattoo is practically permanent.

Tattoos used to be done manually — that is, the tattoo artist would puncture【刺入】 the skin with a needle and inject the ink by hand. Though this process is still used in some parts of the world, most tattoo shops use a tattoo machine these days. A tattoo machine is a handheld electric instrument【手持电动工具】 that uses a tube and needle system. On one end is a sterilized needle【消毒后的针】, which is attached to tubes【颜料管】 that contain ink. A foot switch is used to turn on the machine, which moves the needle in and out while driving the ink about 1/8 inch (about 3 millimeters) into your skin.

Most tattoo artists know how deep to drive the needle into your skin, but not going deep enough will produce a ragged【不规则，无序】 tattoo, and going too deep can cause bleeding and intense pain. Getting a tattoo can take several hours, depending on the size and design chosen.

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