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than作为从属连接词时,引导比较状语从句,表示被比较的两个事物不等。它后面的代词究竟用当从句实际上已用了谓语动词时,当然是没有困难的。但由于比较状语从句中的谓语动词经常被省,than往往会成为一个介词。
e.g.He is younger than his brother.
代词用什么格一般根据代词与被省略的词(通常是动词或介词)的语法关系来确定。因此,如果我们心里想着补上省略部分,我们就能正确使用代词的格。
e.g.He is a richer man than I( am).他是一个比我富裕的人。
I see you trust him more than I (do).我看得出你比我更信任他。
I see you trust him more than (you trust)me.我看得出你信任他胜过(你信任)我。
You are more ready to help him than (you are ready to help)me.你乐于帮助他胜过(你乐于帮助)我。
That is a matter for you rather than( for)me.那是你的事情,而不是我的。
尽管严格的语法规律要求代词用主格但是主格往往听起来很别扭,很不自然,因此,在口语中,使用宾格乃是约定俗成的。
e.g.He is several years older than me或I am much taller than him.。
以上是在than后面主要省略了动词或介词,但有时也省略整个一组词。
e.g.It is much warmer today than (it was)yesterday.今天比昨天暖和多了。
Better late than never (to come at all).晚来总比不来好。亡羊补牢,未为晚也。
than 还和其他词连用,组成固定短语:
e.g.rather/sooner than,prefer...与其……宁愿……
Rather/Sooner than by air,he would prefer a week on a big liner.与其乘飞机,他倒宁愿坐一周的巨型班轮。
I prefer to be called a coward than fight.我宁可被称作懦夫,也不愿打一仗。
other/else than :除……以外:
We have no alternative other than to follow the sense of our own experience.除了根据我们的经验以外,没有其他办法。
scarcely/hardly/barely/no sooner一……就……
He had barely left the lift at the bottom than the lift bell started to ring.,电梯铃就响了。
no more than:仅仅,只
It’s no more than a beginning.这仅仅是个开端。
The room is no more than 15 feet long.这个房间只有15英尺长。
none other than:不是别人,正是
He is none/no other than my teacher.他不是别人,正是我的老师。
no other than:第一意同 none other than;第二意:只有
He is no/none other than my best frien 他正是我最好的朋友。
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