一篇文章的各个段落之间、各个句子之间都存在一定的逻辑关系，正确理解这样的逻辑关系对于阅读者有着很重要的意义：首先，借助上下文之间的逻辑关系，阅读者能够更好地理解文章大意、把握中心思想；其次，出题者往往针对文章中出现重要逻辑关系的语句出题。因此，在阅读过程中，阅读者应当十分注重把握文章的逻辑关系、把握表示逻辑关系的小词。
一些比较重要的表示逻辑关系的小词分述如下：
一、表示强转折关系的词汇
表示强烈转折的常见词汇包括：but, yet, however, in fact, nevertheless, nonetheless, indeed, virtually, practically等等。出题者常常针对表示转折含义的语句出题，因此转折的词汇应当引起阅读者的注意，阅读者尤其应当把握好转折词后的文章信息。
例 1 ：四级2001年1月22题
22. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?
A) It is very unlikely but the danger exists.
B) Such a collision might occur once every 25 years.
C) Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.
D) It’s still too early to say whether such a collision might occur.
22题考查专家如何评论小行星与地球的碰撞。 根据关键词“collision”，可以将考题定位至原文二段。在二段末句我们发现了转折标志词“But”，我们可以将考题定位在这句表示强烈转折的句子上，阅读者应当重点把握“But”之后的内容。
Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids (流星) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don’t threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth.
二段最后两句话的大意是：大多数（小行星）绕着太阳转，离地球很远，不会威胁到地球。但是仍旧有成千上万颗小行星，它们的轨道是要与地球碰撞的。
根据这句话我们可以推断小行星和地球相撞的机率不大，但是确实存在着这样的可能性。因此22题A选项“It is very unlikely but the danger exists.” （可能性不大，但是危险存在），是正确选项。
例 2 ：六级1998年6月32题：
32. Commercials create the sensation of loudness because _______ .
A) TV stations always operate at the highest sound levels.
B) Their sound levels are kept around peak levels.
C) Their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency ranges.
D) Unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range.
32题考察广告听起来很吵的原因，根据关键词“Commercial”我们可以定位到文章的第二段。在第二段的最后一句话中我们发现了“However”这一表示强烈转折的词，我们可以将考题定位在二段末两句话。
The sensation of sound involves a variety of factors in addition to its speak level. Advertisers are skilful at creating the impression of loudness through their expert use of such factors. One major contributor to the perceived loudness of commercials is that mush less variation in sound level occurs during a commercial. In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large range. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak levels. 英语作文
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