非谓语动词一直是CET-4的一个重点考查项目，其中分词表原因（特别是现在分词表原因）出现频率便结合历年的CET-4真题对分词表示原因进行讲解。
一、分词逻辑主语与句子的主语一致
分词作状语表示原因，相当于as， since，because等引导的原因状语从句。
1．______the earth to be flat，many feared thatColumbus would falloffthe edge of the earth．
A．Having believed B．BelievingC．Believed D．Being believed
（96．6－22答案B）
（＝Since many people believed that．．．）
分词作原因状语表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作（或状态）是同时或几乎同时发生的。现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。现在分词的否定形式为not doing。
2．Having no money but________to know，he simply said he would go without dinner．
A．no to want anyoneB．not wanting anyone
C．wanted no one D．to want no one（93．6－47答案B）
3．Realizing thathe hadn’tenough money and_______to borrow from his father，he decided to sell his watch．
A．not wanted B．no to wantC．not wanting D．wanting not
（95．1－67答案C）
4．The speaker，for her splendid speeches，was warmly received by the audience．
A．having known B．being known
C．knowing D．known
（91．6答案D）
如果分词表示的动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，就需要用分词的完成形式。现在分词完成式的否定形式为not having done。
5．______in a seemingly endless war，the general was forced to evaluate the situationagain．
A．Since the loss of 50，000soldiers
B．Because of 50，000soldiers having lost
C．Having lost over 50，000soldiers
D．50，000soldiers werelost（93．1－59答案C）
二、分词逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致
分词作状语时，在少数情况下，其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，分词用来修饰全句。这种结构只限于少数几个动词，如considering， generally speaking，judging from，talking of（谈到），putting it mildly（说得客气一点）等。其中considering可以表示原因。
有时，分词带有自己的逻辑主语，构成独立结构，也可以表示原因。
6．All flights_______because of the snowstorm，any passengers could do nothing but take the train．
A．had been canceledB．have been canceled
C．were canceledD．having been canceled
（99．1－51答案D）
巩固练习：
1．_______an answer from the committee，hewas worried and decided to fly to Parishimself．
A．Having not got B．Getting not
C．Not having gotD．Having no been got
2．_______，all the quarrels came to an end．
A．The lost money was foundB．Was the lost money found
C．Because the lost money foundD．With the lost money found英语作文
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