Bernstein, says Leonard Slatkin, music director of the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra. “not only opened doors for all of us, but was the musical conscience of this country for years. We couldn’t have had a better spokesman.” After leaving the Philharmonic in 1969, Bernstein, the original globe-trot-ting maestro, maintained close ties with many orchestras, including (with typical Bernstein irony) the Israel Philharmonic and the Vienna Philharmonic.
Since the late ‘50s his compositions have often been disappointing, but he was back in form in some recent works, especially the delicious Arias and Barcarolles. Though he had become white-haired and craggy, he retained the passion and quickness of a wunderkind, and no one could dispute the depth of understanding he brought to the podium, particularly in recent years, when his interpretive powers were sharper than ever.
伦纳德·伯恩斯坦1918年生于马萨诸塞州的劳伦斯市,是第一代美国犹太人。其父塞缪尔做的是美容用品的生意,他寄希望于儿子能秉承父业。但伦尼(伦纳德的爱称)十岁时,发现了钢琴。当他用自己的零花钱来学琴时,父亲就不再给他钱了,但当他发现儿子靠为舞蹈伴奏而挣钱时,就又恢复了补给。在费城的柯蒂斯学院(20岁时从哈佛大学以优异成绩毕业后),伯恩斯坦是伟大的弗里茨·赖纳的最具天赋的学生。有个学生因愤愤不平而扬言要杀了他。
与传说的相反,这个成绩斐然的男孩的确曾几度陷于窘境。1942年,伯恩斯坦带着热情中肯的推荐信来到纽约,然而却无法找到工作。抒情诗人欧文·凯撒偶然听到他弹奏钢琴并觉得他很像自己以前的合作者乔治·格什温。伯恩斯坦对他说他一周需要十美元来维持生计。“什么!”凯撒惊叹道。“你,一个天才,在饿肚子?一个天才每周就值十美元?我要让你每周有五十美元!”他很快就为他找到一份改编乐曲的工作。在不到两年的时间里伯恩斯坦就发表了他的第一首交响乐,成功地创作了他们一个芭蕾舞剧(“自由遐想”),写了一部轰动一时的百老汇音乐剧(“在小镇里” ),并在卡内基音乐厅首次指挥当今已成为传奇的纽约爱乐乐团。这个干劲十足、患有严重宿醉毛病的25岁月小 伙子因临时代替生病的指挥大师随即就一炮打响,在《纽约时报》上成了与美国潜艇击沉七艘日本舰同样重要的头条新闻。liuxuepaper.com