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2021下半年英语四级作文素材：垃圾增多的原因
Many people believe that the human society has developed into a throw-away society, which is filled with plastic bags and rubbish. What are the causes and solutions?
概述：环境问题是目前世界的一个热门话题，人们越来越关注环境恶化(environmental degradation.：)对地球产生的影响。
一般来说，环境问题有：
o 全球变暖，冰川融化，海平面上升(sea level rise),淡水减少;
o 污染物增加——放射物质的废物处理(radioactive waste disposal),垃圾增多，废水增多，汽车 尾气排放,导致生活环境恶化(deteriorating environment);
o 自然灾害横行-干旱、水灾、沙尘暴、酸雨等(droughts, floods, sand storms and acid rain);
o 能源供应不足，可替代资源(alternative energy)匮乏;
o 食品供应不足(food supply problem),饥荒(famine);
o 森林减少(deforestation),过度放牧(overgrazing)。
解决环境问题需要采取以下步骤：
o 全球合作，制定环境保护的标准和具体措施;
o 提高公众的意识(awareness);
o政府投资，采用对环境有利的科技(environmentally friendly technology )。
解析：
垃圾增多的原因：
o 人口增长(population growth)导致人们对物质需求的加大，这必定会导致垃圾的增多(the increment of rubbish); o人们对垃圾可能导致的问题意识不强(awareness of waste issues);
o 消费者消费过多(over-consume)—次性产品(short-lived or disposable items)。
垃圾处理的方法：
o 颁布法律严厉控制垃圾任意排放(discharge of refuse);
o 改良工业生产(modify industrial production),减少资源的使用(reduce raw material inputs);
o 采取相关垃圾循环再利用措施(disposal and recycling schemes),大力宣传对垃圾的回收和利用，提高人们的环保意识。
范文
Although waste disposal does not grab a headline as frequently as many other environmental issues do， it does not mean that it is less serious. As a matter of fact, the treatment of garbage continues to be a problem worldwide. Despite its sizable influence, many citizens have not yet realized the seriousness of this issue. It is the goal of this article to outline the potential causes of this problem and suggest possible solutions.
People should first recognize that the increment in garbage is a natural result of the social and economic development. Unethical businesses are the main creators of industrial waste, including heavy metal, chemicals, plastic, and other durable and non-recyclable materials. People's quest for a better standard of living gives them incentives to manufacture a rich variety of consumer goods and disregard the potential impact on environment. This practice can date back to the earliest days of industrial revolution, producing enormous waste that are unable to be recycled and causing an environmental disaster.
Another potential reason for the slow progress in waste treatment is people's low awareness of the opportunities to reduce, reuse and recycle waste. Many people do not have a firm stand against over-consumption and excessive production of disposable items. Besides, many citizens are not environmentally conscious, disposing of wastes whenever and wherever they consider convenient. Meanwhile, many manufacturers tend to use virgin materials, rather than recyclable materials in the course of production. That's why many communities are facing a, particularly difficult position in waste treatment.
The best approach to address waste issues is simply to minimize its generation. It is primarily because the more waste people produce, the more waste they have to cope with. Waste recycling offers another means, although it requires the spontaneous commitment of both businesses and citizens. Additionally, laws should be set out to regulate corporation behaviour and make their operation environmentally friendly.
It is clear that the problem of waste disposal exists due to people's ever-growing demand for manufactured goods and slow response to the impact of this problem on the environment. Tackling this problem depends not only on individual's effort to keep the waste to a minimum but also on businesses' attempt to optimise their manufacture and reduce the inputs.
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