七．过去完成时：had + 过去分词

1．表示过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作。“过去的过去”。

● They had got everything ready before I came.

● The play had begunbefore I got to the theater with my boyfriend.

2．过去完成时常用于 hardly / scarcely ... when, no sooner ... than等固定句型结构中。（此乃超级重点句型，意为：“一……就”）

● She had hardly / scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang.

● No sooner had he arrived at the railway station than he met her parents.

（注意 no sooner 在句首时句型倒装。）

3．intend（打算），mean（意味），hope（希望），want（想要），plan（计划）等动词的过去完成时用来表示本打算做而没有做的事。

● I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.

（……原想昨天去看你……）

● They had planed to hold a football match last week, but they had to cancel it because the bad weather.

（……原计划上周举行一场足球赛……）

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测试精编：

1. -Let's hurry! The president is coming. -Oh, I was afraid that we ________.

A. already miss him            B. had already missed him

C. will miss him already         D. have already missed him

2. Your letter came just as I ________ my office.

A. was leaving                B. would leave

C. had left                    D. left

3. I ________ my keys, I can't remember where I last sawthem.

A. was losing      B. lost        C. had lost       D. have lost

4. Nobody knew where the teacher ________.

A. has gone                   B. would have gone

C. had gone                   D. would be gone

5. The sportsmen ________ training for 3 hours when the coach told them to break off for rest.

A. have been      B. are

C. had been       D. were

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