2012托福考试:托福写作时必备抽象词(一)

2012托福考试:托福写作时必备抽象词(一)

abandon：

用法：If you abandon a place， thing， or person， you leave them forever or for a long time， especially when you should not do so.

例句：As time passed some rituals were abandoned， but the stories， later called myths， persisted and provided material for art and drama. （1995-08）

absorb：

用法：①If an object absorbs something such as liquid， gas， or heat， the liquid or heat enters the object or is drawn into it.

例句：Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the effects of extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color， and to reflect rather than absorb the Sun’s rays. （1997-01）

②If a group is absorbed into a larger group， it becomes part of the larger group.

③If you absorb information， you learn and understand it.

④If something absorbs a force or shock， it reduces its effect.

⑤If a system or society absorbs changes， effects， or costs， it is able to deal with them without being badly affected.

⑥If something absorbs something such as money， space， or time， it uses up a great deal of it.

⑦If something absorbs you， it interests you a great deal and takes up all your attention and energy.

abstract：①An abstract idea or way of thinking is based on general ideas rather than on real things and events.

②Abstract art makes use of shapes and patterns rather than showing people or things they actually are.

③An abstract of an article， document， or speech is a short piece of writing that summarizes the main points of it.

④If you abstract something from somewhere， you take it from there.

academic： Academic is used to describe things that relate to the work done in schools， colleges， and universities， especially work which involves studying and reasoning rather than practical or technical skills.

acquire：①If you acquire something， you buy or obtain it for yourself， or someone gives it to you.

②If you acquire something， such as a skill or a habit， you gradually learn or develop it.

③If you describe something as an acquired taste， you mean that a lot of people do not like it when they first experience it， but often start to like it when they get to know it better.

adapt：①If you adapt to a new situation， you change your ideas or behavior in order to deal with it successfully.

②If you adapt something， you change it to make it suitable for a new purpose or situation.

③If you adapt a book or play， you change it so that it can be made into a film or a television programme.

capable： ①If a person or thing is capable of doing something， they have the ability， capacity， or potential to do it.

②A capable person is competent， efficient， or practical.

capture： ①If you capture someone or something， you catch them or take possession of them， especially in a war， or after a struggle or chase.

②If you capture something that you are trying to obtain in competition with other people， you succeeding obtaining it.

③If something captures your attention or imagination， you begin to be interested in it or excited by it.

④If something or someone captures a particular quality， feeling， or atmosphere， they represent or express it successfully.

⑤If an event is captured in a photograph or on film， it is photographed or filmed.

channel： ①If you do something through a particular channel， that is the system or organization that you use to achieve your aims or to communicate.

②If you channel money or resources into something， you arrange for them to be used for that thing， rather than for a wide range of things.

③If you channel your energies or emotions into something， you concentrate on or do that one thing， rather than a range of things.

check： ①To check something， usually something bad， means to stop it from spreading or continuing.

②If someone or something is held or kept in check， they are prevented from becoming too great or powerful.

Claim

用法：①If you say that someone claims that something is true， you mean they say that it is true but you are not sure whether or not they are telling the truth.

② A claim is something which someone says which they cannot prove and which may be false.

例句：①The advantages claimed for such foods over conventionally grown and marketed food products are now being debated.（1995-08）

② As a result， claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore. （1995-08）