《中庸》是中国儒家经典之一，原是《礼记》第三十一篇，相传为战国时期孔伋（子思）所作。其内容肯定“中庸”是道德行为的最高标准，把“诚”看成是世界的本体，认为“至诚”则达到人生的最高境界，并提出“博学之，审问之，慎思之，明辨之，笃行之”的学习过程和认识方法。宋代从《礼记》中抽出，与《大学》《论语》《孟子》合为“四书”。宋元以后，成为学校官定的教科书和科举考试的必读书，对中国古代教育产生了极大的影响。
中庸·二十六
故至诚无息，不息则久。久则征，征则悠远，悠远则博厚，博厚则高明。博厚所以载物也，高明所以覆物也，悠久所以成物也。博厚配地，高明配天，悠久无疆。如此者，不见而章，不动而变，无为而成。
天地之道，可一言而尽也：“其为物不贰，则其生物不测。”天地之道：博也，厚也，高也，明也，悠也，久也。今夫天，斯昭昭之多，及其无穷也，日月星辰系焉，万物覆焉。今夫地，一撮土之多，及其广厚，载华岳而不重，振河海而不泄，万物载焉。今夫山，一卷石之多，及其广大，草木生之，禽兽居之，宝藏兴焉。今夫水，一勺之多，及其不测，鼋鼍蛟龙鱼鳖生焉，货财殖焉。
诗云：“维天之命，於穆不已。”盖曰天之所以为天也。“於乎不显？文王之德之纯。”盖曰文王之所以为文也，纯亦不已。
XXVI
Thus absolute truth is indestructible. Being indestructible, it is eternal. Being eternal, it is self-existent. Being self-existent, it is infinite. Being infinite, it is vast and deep. Being vast and deep, it is transcendental and intelligent. It is because it is vast and deep that it contains all existence. It is because it is transcendental and intelligent that it embraces all existence. It is because it is infinite and eternal that it fills all existence. In vastness and depth it is like the Earth. In transcendental intelligence it is like Heaven. Infinite and eternal, it is Infinitude itself.
Such being the nature of absolute truth, it manifests itself without being evident; it produces effects without action; it accomplishes its ends without being conscious.
The principle in the course and operation of nature may be summed up in one word: it exists for its own sake without any double or ulterior motive. Hence the way in which it produces things is unfathomable.
Nature is vast, deep, high, intelligent, infinite and eternal. The heaven appearing before us is only this bright, shining spot; but, when taken in its immeasurable extent, the sun, moon, stars and constellations are suspended in it, and all things are embraced under it. The earth, appearing before us, is but a handful of soil; but, taken in all its breadth and depth, it sustains mighty Himalayas without feeling their weight; rivers and seas dash against it without causing it to leak. The mountain appearing before us is only a mass of rock; but taken in all the vastness of its size, grass and vegetation grow upon it, birds and beasts dwell on it and treasures of precious stones are found in it. The water appearing before us is but a ladleful of liquid; but taken in all its unfathomable depths, the largest crustaceans, fishes and reptiles are produced in them, and all useful products abound in them.
In the Book of Songs it is said:
The ordinance of God,
How inscrutable it is and goes on for ever.
That is to say, this is the attribute of God. It is again said:
How excellent it is,
The moral perfection of King Wen.
That is to say, this is the characteristic of the nobleness of the Emperor Wen. Moral perfection also never dies.
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