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宾语从句语法讲解(2)

时间:2010-08-09来源:中学英语学习栏目:中学英语作者:英语学习频道 英语作文收藏:收藏本文
He said that light travels much faster than sound. 三、人称的变化和标点的使用 1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称,变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称,则与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化

  He said that light travels much faster than sound.

  三、人称的变化和标点的使用

  1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称,变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称,则与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化。如:

  “May I use your knife?”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife.

  “Do you know her telephone number?”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number.

  2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句,用句号;主句是疑问句,用问号。如:

  Who will give us a talk?I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.

  Do you know?Where does he live?→Do you know where he lives?

  四、两副面孔

  if和when既能引导时间状语从句,又能引导宾语从句。因此,遇到它们就要认真分析一下,它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如:

  If it rains tomorrow,I won’t come.(时间状语从句)

  I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. (宾语从句)

  五、从句的简化

  1. 当主句谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时,从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构,宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如:

  She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.

  2. 当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句可简化为不定式结构。如:

  She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths.

  3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。如:

  Can you tell me how I can get to the station?→Can you tell me how to get to the station?

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