8.过去完成时 had +been+V(p.p)

到上个月为止，他们已经把这本书翻译成了英语。

They had translated the book into English by the end of last month.

The book had been translated into English by the end of last month.

Had the book been translated into English by the end of last month?

Yes, it had./ No, it hadn’t.

9.将来完成时will have +been+V(p.p)

The students will have learned 2,000 words by the end of next year.

2,000 words will have been learned by the end of next year.

Will 2,000 words have been learned by the end of next year?

Yes, they will./No, they won’t.

10. 过去将来完成时would have +been+V(p.p)

He told me that Mr. Brown would have taught them for two years by the next summer.

I was told that they would have been taught by Mr. Brown for two years by the next summer. 注：1.含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态时，用“情态动词+be+V(p.p)”构成。如：

You must operate the machine with care. The machine must be operated with care.

Must the machine be operated with care? Yes, it must. / No, it  mustn’t.

2.含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语，变成被动语态时，分别用“be going to +be  +V(p.p)”和“be to+be+V(p.p)”。如：

We are going to discuss the problem at the meeting.liuxuepaper.com