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2010年成人高考英语同义词剖析三(9)

时间:2010-09-02来源:作文地带成人英语频道栏目:成人高考作者:成考英语辅导 英语作文收藏:收藏本文
我断定我一定是在某处拐错弯了。 I have been offered a large sum of money to go away,but I am determined to stay here. 给我提供了一大笔搬迁费,可是我决心留在这个地方。 The size of your feet determines

我断定我一定是在某处拐错弯了。

I have been offered a large sum of money to go away,but I am determined to stay here.

给我提供了一大笔搬迁费,可是我决心留在这个地方。

The size of your feet determines the size of your shoes.

你的脚的大小决定了鞋的尺码。

The determination of the meaning of a word is often difficult without a context.

脱离上下文来确定一个词的含义常常是困难的。

注:在determine to do…, determine on (upon)…和determine…,(宾词从句)三个搭配中,determine的词义和decide几乎没有多大差异

He determined to learn medicine. (He decided to learn medicine.)

他决定学医。

We determined on an early start.(We determined to start early.)

我们决定早动身。

Have you determined where you are going to spend your holidays? (Have you decided where you are going to spend your holidays?)

你有没有决定到哪里去度假?

注:decide 某人to do 某事:“决定使某人做某事”

What decided you to give up your job?

什么因素使你决定放弃你的工作?

decrease dwindle diminish reduce

都含“减少”的意思。

decrease 指“渐渐地减少”, 如:

His temperature decreases.

他的烧退了。

dwindle 同decrease 一样, 也是“逐渐地减少”, 但经常指“减少到无或消耗到完为止”, 如:

My savings have dwindled.

我的积蓄减少了。

diminish 指“形状缩小, 数量减少”, 特指“看得出来的缩小或减少”, 如:

diminish the revenue by reducing tax

用减税而使国家的收入减少。

reduce 指“人为地减少、降低”, 如:

reduce speed

减速。

decrease,lessen,diminish,reduce,abate,dwindle这组动词的一般含义为“减少”。

decrease 和lessen比较普通,如果用词不讲究,可以代替这组词中任何其他词。decrease (名词亦为decrease,但重音在第一个音节上)强调数目或使人不快之物的逐渐减少。

如:to decrease the number of working hours,to decrease traffic accidents.

The workmen want to decrease the number of working hours and increase pay.

工人要求减少工作时间而增加工资。

lessen 可以表示数量或程度的减少。

如: to lessen hazard,to lessen anxiety等等。

Light lessens as evening comes on.

随着黄昏的来临,光线逐渐变弱。

diminish 表示减少损失。

如: to diminish research endownments

However,my enthusiasm waned.The time I spent at exercises gradually diminished.

然而,我的热情减退了。我在做操上花的时间逐渐减少了。

reduce 可以表示尺寸、数量、程度或强度的减少,词义引伸之后,可以表示地位、处境、状况的降低。如:to reduce the speed,to reduce household expense,to be reduced to tears,to be reduced to ashes.

This greatly reduced the speed of the ship ,for there was danger that if she travelled too quickly,this rudder would be torn away.

这大大减低了船速,因为如果它走得太快,这个舵会有被冲掉的危险。

reduce 的名词为reduction,abate 的名词为abatement,dwindle的名词为dwindlement.

abate 表示减少时其内涵是使过分或过量的事物得到缓和。

如: to abate taxes,to abate imports.

The doctor gave him some medicine to abate the powerful pain.

医生给了他某种药,以减弱那剧烈的疼痛。

This is a pity,because noise abatement really is a good cause, and it is likely to be discredited if it gets to be associated with bad science.liuxuepaper.com

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